How do astronomers measure extremely large distances in the far away corners of the Universe? So this would be the top step on the cosmic distance ladder.

How do astronomers measure extremely large distances in the far away corners of the Universe? So this would be the top step on the cosmic distance ladder.
There is evidence of rotation in a galaxy which existed just 500 million years after the Big Bang. This is the earliest galaxy we’ve found with possible rotation! This young galaxy rotates more slowly than modern galaxies, but maybe it’s on its way to gaining more speed.
An international team of astronomers found a dwarf galaxy in the outskirts of the Andromeda Galaxy, M31, located over 2.5 million light-years from us. However, the ultra-faint dwarf galaxy, now called Pegasus V, was first spotted by a very attentive amateur astronomer Giuseppe Donatiello, of UAI, the Unione Astrofili Italiani.
Most if not all newly formed stars have protoplanetary disks of gas & dust circling around them. More about the HL Tauri planet which forming in the gaps.
Today we bring you space scoop about the magnificent galaxy NGC 1566, nicknamed the “Spanish Dancer”. More at #365DaysofAstro
A team of astronomers has just found a bright, uh, “spider” of a sort, in the sky. More about this very unusual binary system at #365DaysOfAstro. @UNAWE
Today’s news: cosmic eruption fall back all around its young star, and helping form new planets in its outer regions
Astronomers using the Gemini South Observatory in Chile have captured beautiful mix of dust and gas kinda looks like a butterfly with a single wing hiding a baby star.
By studying white dwarf stars, and finding some of them, well, in a way polluted, astronomers have found that most rocky exoplanets are made of rocks we can’t find anywhere in our Solar System.
Astronomers in Japan studied data that ALMA, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, collected on a binary star system, XZ Tauri, for over three years, in 2015, 2016 and 2017. And with that volume of data, they’ve produced the first-ever “ALMA Animation” of the twin stars in a binary star system circling each other.