How does gravity bend the path of light? Does it seriously act like a lens or is that just a metaphor?

How does gravity bend the path of light? Does it seriously act like a lens or is that just a metaphor?
What strange creatures inhabit the so-called “particle zoo”? Why is it a zoo instead of something simpler?
What’s the idea behind the holographic principle? What does it have to do with black holes and the early universe?