High-energy jets emerge from two sides of a black hole (illustrated). The black hole resides in a galaxy that is part of a filament of the cosmic web (silvery wisps). E. Wernquist, M. Oei, D. Nelson/IllustrisTNG Collaboration The definition of a black hole allows for these objects to have a wide range of sizes. Basically, every mass requires some amount of velocity to escape its surface. Our planet has an escape velocity of 11.2 km/s. The asteroid Bennu had a minimum escape velocity of 17 cm/s, but those escape velocities are due to the sizes of each object. As you compress a world smaller...
Hubble Resolves star formation
Image credit: NASA / ESA One of the things I personally enjoy most about working in astronomy is the way yesterday’s empty star fields and faint smudges resolve into spectacular vistas and amazing nebulae as we build better telescopes and find the time to point them...
Galaxies caught in the act of merging their blackholes
As we head toward summer, JWST is getting ready to start its second year of science operations. During its brief period of operations, this $8.8 billion spacecraft has been working hard to prove it can do science worthy of its price tag. Adding to it’s list of...
Massive Object Detected Via Gravitational Puppetry
A screenshot from a visualization of the orbit of the Gaia BH3 system as a whole through the Milky Way. Credit: ESA/Gaia/DPAC- CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO. Acknowledgments: Stefan Jordan with Gaia Sky. The universe we see doesn’t always reflect the universe that is out there....
JWST Echoes the Hubble Tension
Comparison of Hubble and Webb views of a Cepheid variable star. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, A. Riess (JHU/STScI) Understanding our universe isn’t a straightforward process. For every theory that appears to be beautifully proven out by data, there is another theory...
Gaia Watches the Universe Form
Credit: ESA/Gaia/DPAC; Lucy Reading-Ikkanda/Simons Foundation; K. Storey-Fisher et al. 2024 In trying to understand our universe, theorists can build models that describe how the universe formed as a mostly, but not completely, smooth distribution of matter and energy...
100 Million Computer Hours in One Model Universe
Part of the simulated universe. Credit: The AGORA Collaboration In a paper that made me do math, researchers have shared the results of a remarkable new suite of simulations that explore how galaxies are born, live, and evolve. Over 160 researchers from 60...
Galactic Death may not be Permanent
False-colour JWST image of a small fraction of the GOODS South field, with JADES-GS-z7-01-QU highlighted. Credit: JADES Collaboration In a paper in Nature, with Tobias Looser as the first author, researchers discuss a galaxy cataloged as JADES-GS-z7-01-QU. This...
Galaxies are Born Bright
This image from Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) instrument shows a portion of the GOODS-North field of galaxies. At the lower right, a pullout highlights the galaxy GN-z11, which is seen at a time just 430 million years after the Big Bang. One prominent...
Gluttonous Black Hole Eats One Sun’s Worth of Mass per Day
This illustration provided by the European Southern Observatory in February 2024, depicts the record-breaking quasar J059-4351, the bright core of a distant galaxy that is powered by a supermassive black hole. The supermassive black hole, seen here pulling in...
Early Universe Clues Found Locally
A portion of the dwarf galaxy Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte (WLM) captured by the James Webb Space Telescope’s Near-Infrared Camera. The image demonstrates Webb’s remarkable ability to resolve faint stars outside the Milky Way. Color translation: 0.9-micron light is shown in...